The Welfare System A Middle Aged Couple Who Live With...

Jim and his wife Cassidy are a middle-aged couple who live with the aid of welfare benefits. Jim must start looking for job number two right away because his wife just got the news that she is pregnant with twins, and he only makes $7.25/ hour; that is definitely not enough to raise a new family! The two are not so happy with the news because times are hard, and it can cost a fortune to raise two babies. So, to ease their troubles, Cassidy reapplies for benefits that have expired, sells her card for actual money, and uses the disability checks from her deceased grandmother to help pay for home expenses; her husband supports her actions one hundred percent. Although times are rough for the couple, are their actions morally correct?†¦show more content†¦Current welfare programs deny the independence of individual recipients in various ways. Americans on welfare tend to become very dependent on the government since they constantly gain benefits without having to work as ha rd as the average American. Because of handed-out benefits, America s look on self-reliance, personal responsibility, and advancement has weakened (Will 10). Many welfare programs encourage others to accept benefits from the government, resulting in people becoming lazy and unable to search for work. This is somewhat hypocritical due to the fact that America is known for its independence, responsibility, and self-determination. Because of the encouragement from organizations, the number of food-stamp recipients has increased dramatically (Bovard 2). Self-sufficiency will continue to be an issue if organizations encourage people to accept benefits. In agreeance with O’Brien, if we truly want low-income families to achieve self-sufficiency, we need to give them the tools, education, and incentives to save for the future--not penalize those who try (13). Another reason why dependency has increased in Americans is because many are afraid of failure in life and costs of living modernly. The United States has citizens who rely so much on private benefits to be protected by the risks of modern living (Platt

Vygotsky Theory, Social Learning Theory And Attachment Theory

Vygotsky Theory, Social Learning Theory and Attachment Theory in a Daycare Setting With the increasing number of working parents, there is an increasing need for childcare. When being a stay-at-home parent or having a babysitter is not an option, many parents turn to daycares for the care of their children. However, finding the right daycare for their children is a challenge because they need to find the most suitable type of care that fits their child’s needs. In doing this, they have to consider a daycare that fosters the optimal development for their child that considers their cognitive and social development as well as their emotional well being. Vygotsky’s theory, social learning theory, and attachment theory can best explain these different aspects of development. When developing a daycare design, a consultant needs to keep these elements in mind to foster the optimal development in young children. Vygotsky’s theory can be applied in a daycare setting to foster cognitive development. When guiding children, the adult-child dialogue, scaffolding, and the zone of proximal development are important for their cognitive development. Vygotsky believed that cognitive development required social interaction to develop fully (Manheimer, 2015). The need for language and communication is especially important in a daycare setting. Children are encouraged to participate in social interactions when being in a daycare around many other children and other adults. VygotskyShow MoreRelatedSocial, Family And Environmental Influences On Human Development Essay1554 Words   |  7 Pages Human Development †¢ Introduction †¢ Cultural context Social influence (Vygotsky) †¢ Physical environment (Vygotsky) †¢ Family influence (Bowlby) †¢ Social and family environment (Bronfenbrenner) †¢ Conclusions †¢ References â€Å"You cannot predict the outcome of human development .All you can do like a farmer create the conditions under which it wellbeing flourish(Robinson.K.2001)This essay will discussed social , family and environmental influences on human development ,across in wholeRead MoreVygotskys Sociocultural Theory Of Development831 Words   |  4 PagesSocio-cultural developmental theory Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of development is essential in d primary school and early childhood settings. Through an understanding of the socio-cultural theory, it facilitates pedagogical practices and teaching strategies for educators. The socio-cultural theory is underpinned by the influence of the environment and cultural contexts such as beliefs, values and skills in facilitating development (Mooney 2013, p. 77). Smidt (2009, p. 7) states that children’sRead MoreDevelopment Of A Child s Social And Emotional Development1377 Words   |  6 Pages Within the area of child development there have been many scientific studies which have formed our understanding of children’s social and emotional development, within this essay I am going to look at some of the theses developmental theories and how they have impacted modern day society in understanding the development of a child’s social and emotional development. Development is the pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the lifespan (Santrock, 2008, p.5) EmotionalRead MoreProvides Us With A Way To Learn Cause And Effect Relations1488 Words   |  6 Pagesand effect relations between environmental events’ (Martin, Carlson and Buskist, 2010, pg 259). 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Jean Piaget: (Cognitive-development theory) Jean PiagetRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1132 Words   |  5 PagesPsychologist Jean Piaget was the first to make a study surrounding the theory of cognitive development. The interesting thing about Piaget’s way of studying was that he was more concerned about how children’s thoughts got to the answer in relation to their IQ rather than simply their ability to answer a question correctly. The cognitive development theory detailed observational studies of cognition in children by a series of tests, which furthermore revealed different cognitive abilities. BeforeRead MoreExploration Of Holistic Development Within A Child s Life1442 Words   |  6 Pagesdebate ideas (Stanford 2014). Cognitive development is dominated by a key psychologist ‘Jean Piaget’. Piaget perceived children as not replicas of adults, as he believed children viewed the world differently (Oakley 2004). Piaget established his theory on three principles; assimulation, accommodation and equilibration. Assimulation is a course of new experiences in mental structures, known as schemas (Hummed, 1998). Cognitive structures are developed when a child is accustomed to their surroundingsRead MoreThe Role Of Heredity And Environment On Learning Theory1009 Words   |  5 PagesEnvironment in Learning Theory With regards to human development, is it determined by heredity or the environment? What is the importance of the answer to this question? Several developmental psychologists have researched this question and provided possible theories to answer it. This paper will take a look at three leading theorists on the subject-Bronfenbrenner, Piaget and Vygotsky. By means of personal reflection into my own learning experience, I will analyze which theory best describes myRead MoreThe Stepping Stone Preschool Program Essay1436 Words   |  6 Pagesbased its philosophy on several core developmental theories. These theories help form the philosophy that will direct all of the center’s actions. According to Freeman, C. Decker and J. Decker (2013), â€Å"The program philosophy not only includes beliefs that guide the selection of curriculum, but it also should be the guide for all interactions within the organization†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Therefore, it is important that program philosophy be imbedded in developmental theory so that the philosophy promotes development in anRead MoreSociocultural Theory in Early Childhood Development Essay849 Words   |  4 Pagescombination of social (relating to human society) and cultural (taste in art and manners that are favored by a social group) factors.† (Socialcultural , 2010) You might ask why we are defining these words. It gives a better understanding of Vygotsky beliefs â€Å"that children seek out adults for interaction, beginning at birth, and that development occurs through these interactions.† (Morrison, 2009 sec 14.6) I agree that his theory is the best process for learning. Many people feel that social interaction

Human Nature Causing Mass Hysteria in The Crucible free essay sample

Human nature is a word describing our reactions to events, our own inner struggles, and our interaction with others, a tendency that every human has in common. (Human Nature in The Crucible) In, The Crucible, several of the characters are constantly feuding, not only among themselves but with the entire community as well. Many citizens spread ridiculous lies and rumors accusing innocent people of being â€Å"under the influence† of the devil. The people of Salem fall victim to an eruption of delirium, caused by natural human tendencies. Arthur Miller illustrates blame, majority versus minority, ideology as being natural human tendencies and driving forces to the mass hysteria in the town of Salem. The citizens of Salem spread many preposterous lies and rumors out of fear and even for their own personal gain. Naturally, blaming someone else for wrongdoing is an immediate and instinctive reaction. For example, the fear of getting in trouble can drive one to put the blame on someone else in order to avoid the consequences. The characters in The Crucible rely on blame to get out of hard situations, motivated by this aspect of fear. Towards the very beginning of the novel, Betty and Abigail have many suspicions surrounding them, and they need to direct the townspeople’s wrath away from themselves. Abigail claims that â€Å"I saw Sarah Good with the Devil! I saw Goody Osburn with Devil! I saw Bridget Bishop with the Devil† (Miller 48)! Abigail and Betty therefore avoid their initial fate. As the book progressed, the lies piled on top of each other, and soon everyone wanted in on the action. Blame turned into a use of getting back at one another. For instance, Ann Putnam claims Rebecca Nurse â€Å"murdered seven babies by sending out her spirit on them† (Miller 56). Rebecca Nurse is falsely accused, arrested and later executed. In turn, the natural inclination to blame other leads to false accusations and overall mass hysteria. When the majority of people in a group start to believe a certain thing, it is likely that the others in that group will naturally conform to these ideas. This idea of majority versus minority is argued to be another human tendency causing of the mass hysteria in The Crucible. Throughout the novel, wrong ideas were being defined as right without concrete evidence. Once a few members of the community influenced an idea, naturally, more started to believe that this idea might be true. For instance, Abigail and her band of friends convince the judge, and many other citizens that witchcraft is, in fact alive in the town of Salem. Once they tricked one person, it spread and spread until, finally, the entire community was convinced. One such person who helped convince others was Reverend Hale. Hale originally comes to Salem in search of witches, and citizens look to him as their all knowing savior. Reverend Hale is an intellectual man, and he has studied witchcraft extensively, therefore making him naturally believable and convincing to those who follow and listen to him. Hales goal is purely â€Å"light, goodness, and its preservation† (Miller 24). Another such person was Deputy Governor Danforth, who followed the hype around the hysteria. Since he is of high authority, and is respected throughout the community, citizens believe what he says must be true. He felt that what he was doing was right. He said, â€Å"Now hear me, and beguile yourselves no more. I will not receive a single plea for pardon or postponement. Them that will not confess will hang. Twelve are already executed; the names of these seven are given out, and the village expects to see them die this morning. Postponement now speaks a floundering on my part; reprieve or pardon must cast doubt upon the guilt of them that died till now† (Miller 97). He is truly convinced that the actions he is taking are necessary for the town. Once the entire town was convinced, accusation became a death sentence that no one could escape. The aspect of majority versus minority is apart of human nature and helps to build up the conflict of mass hysteria in the town of Salem. The Puritan society is religious and tightly bound. They initially came to America to practice their religion in peace, and the community has worked together in order to survive. Their rules and morals are based on their religion, with no form of government. This strong faith was evident in the residents of Salem, Massachusetts. Puritans believed that the English Protestant Church was becoming corrupted, and solidly stuck to their theory that they were the chosen ones by God, and thus every rule they set in place was regimented by God himself. Ideology is a set of beliefs or ideas that are the basis of social theories (Fischer, Claude). Many of the church leaders in Salem followed a very strict view on what the description of witches were. They refused to look beyond the reputation and good morals that the character possessed. Many of these court officials believed that whatever happened in the court would be the truth and nothing but the truth. They felt that if they didnt lie in the courtroom then a lawyer did not need to be present. Judge Danforth states, â€Å"As for the witches, none will deny that we are most eager for all their confessions. Therefore, what is left for a lawyer to bring out† (Miller 59). They were strict in many of their ways. Along with this, the narrow-minded Puritans were easily deceived by Abigail, who is a very deceptive antagonist. They were so brainwashed by the doctrines placed, and they believed whatever the higher authority told them to believe. No one ever sat down and truly evaluated and concluded that there was no evidence. This natural human tendency to place their belief in ideology played a key role in the formation of mass hysteria. Through the development of blame, majority versus minority, and ideology, three naturally occurring human instinctive, mass hysteria is driven throughout Salem. Arthur Miller’s, The Crucible, teaches readers many lessons about human nature and its effects as a whole. Human nature was fully to blame for the disaster which took place in Salem in 1692. The decisions made by the people were critical to the disasters progression. This mass hysteria illustrates how a person’s insight into the witchcraft trials can have an effect on those around them, and the community as a whole. Once the paranoia began floating around in the town, the ball kept rolling. Overall, Miller argues that humanities natural tendencies created the mass hysteria that led to the downfall of Salem, Massachusetts.

Visit To The Planetarium Essays - Constellations, Ursa Major

Visit To The Planetarium Astronomy Second Paper 11-27-00 I attended the Wagner College Planetarium(located in Spiro Hall)on November 15, 2000 at 11:00 for research and to observe the stars, planets and our entire solar system more closely. There was a clear dome on the ceiling for us to see the sky. The director of the show was Dennis Anderson. He put the latitude to forty degrees, and dimmed the lights. Up in the sky the stars are beautiful and bright. They seem, by the naked eye to be moving but the earth is what is actually moving. Everyone knows that the sky doesn't move. The earth rotates around the sun. The earth being in a different spot in its' orbit all the time gives us different stars to see at different times out of the year. A star is a huge ball of glowing gas in the sky. The Sun is a star. It is the only star close enough to the earth to look like a ball. The other billions of stars are so far away that they are no more than a pinpoint of light. A constellation is a bunch of stars in the sky that form a picture. Each Constellation has a definite time of the year when it reaches its highest point. At latitudes to far north or to far south of the equator, many constellations do not reach there culminates high enough to be seen. The constellations appear to move westward as the earth rotates around the Sun. For this reason, certain constellations can only be seen during one season of the year. There is Pegasus which is extremely large. If you connect the stars of Pegasus it is supposed to look like a horses body. However it is upside down. The instructor put a line going across the middle of the dome. It separated the sky from north to south. He said this line is called the Meridian. When a star is at the Meridian it is at its highest point. It is nine degrees elliptical on each side. The second brightest star is Mercury it has a very thick atmosphere. However the brightest star nearest to the horizon is Venus. We also saw Jupiter it was also a very bright star but not as bright as Venus. Jupiter has four moons' which was very interesting to see. We live in a spiral Galaxy. It has one to four billion stars. Some people believe we live in the barred galaxy. It is also called the Milky Way galaxy. If stars or galaxies explode we would not know until light years later. This is due to the great distance between us and other stars or galaxies. Light years are a measure of distance. Some bi-global clusters of stars are a numbered at 150,000 to one million stars bunched together. This is called Messier 13. Messier 13 is 30,000 light years away. It was discovered by a man named Charles Messier. Charles Messier also discovered the Stellar Nebular. He got a lot of credit for his time, which was around the 1700's. Many years ago stars were known as navigation systems. Sailors used the stars to guide them on where they wanted to go. They would look at the stars and try to judge where they were by where the stars were located in the sky. Thus turning the stars into a navigation system. If we were in the country side and not the city we would be able to see the stars much better. They would seem brighter to the naked eye. The instructor at the planetarium explained to us that in New York City the street lights and car lights seem to drown the energy of the stars. He also said that if something isn't done about it in a couple of decades we will not be able to see any stars from our city. A set of stars everyone is familiar with is the Big Dipper, but it is only part of a constellation called the Big Bear. There is also the Little Dipper. At the handle of the Little Dipper is a star called Polaris, which is also known as the North Star it stands out in the sky when you look